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Article History

Received: 28 October 2022

Accepted: 17 November 2022

First Online: 2 December 2022

Declarations

:

: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval was provided by the local ethics committees for each participating center.

: Informed consent was obtained from all patients and their parents or guardians included in the study.

: CD received royalties from Hogrefe as an author of self-help books for parents and teachers of preschool- and school-age children with ADHD. A-KTh receives royalties from Hogrefe for the publication of a diagnostic instrument (DISYPS-ILF). TB served in an advisory or consultancy role for ADHS digital, Infectopharm, Lundbeck, Medice, Neurim Pharmaceuticals, Oberberg GmbH, Roche, and Takeda. He received conference support or speaker’s fees from Medice and Takeda. He received royalties from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer, CIP Medien, Oxford University Press. KB receives or has received research grants from the German Research Foundation (DFG), German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Philipps-University Marburg, Federal Joint Committee (G-BA), German Ministry for Health, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg and Rhön Klinikum. Additionally, she receives royalties from Thieme. JG has received a research grant from the Bavarian State Ministry of Family, Labor and Social Affairs. She receives royalties from Hogrefe for the publication of an ADHD treatment manual. MHo served in an advisory role for Shire, Takeda and Medice and received conference attendance support or was paid for public speaking by Medice, Shire and Takeda. He received research support from the German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). He receives royalties as Editor-in-Chief of the German Journal for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and for textbooks from Hogrefe. MHu has served as a member of the advisory boards of Eli Lilly and Co., Engelhardt Arzneimittel, Janssen-Cilag, Medice, Novartis, Shire, and Steiner Arzneimittel within the past five years; served as a consultant to Engelhardt Arzneimittel, Medice, and Steiner Arzneimittel; received honoraria from Eli Lilly and Co., Engelhardt Arzneimittel, Janssen-Cilag, Medice, Novartis, and Shire; and received unrestricted grants for investigator-initiated trials from Eli Lilly and Co., Medice, Engelhardt Arzneimittel, and Steiner Arzneimittel. LP served in an advisory or consultancy role for Takeda, Roche, and Infectopharm. She has received speaker’s fees from Takeda, Medice and Infectophar and royalties from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer, and Schattauer. MD is supervisor and lecturer and received income as head of the School of Child and Adolescent Behavior Therapy at the University of Cologne and royalties from treatment manuals, books, and psychological tests published by Guilford, Hogrefe, Enke, Beltz, and Huber. He received consulting income and research support from Medice, Shire, and eyelevel. All other authors (LTJ, CH, EvW, A-KTr, DB, JH, SH, TJ, AK, SM, PS) declare no conflict of interest.