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Article History

Received: 20 November 2024

Accepted: 27 March 2025

First Online: 2 April 2025

Declarations

:

: As our research involved the analysis of existing, de-identified data, direct ethical approval for this study was not required. The original data collection followed ethical standards from relevant national and institutional committees on human experimentation and the Helsinki Declaration of 1975 (as revised in 2000). Children/adolescents were finally gathered into the dataset only if the informed consent for agreements on this study had been digitally signed by their parent(s) or legal caregiver(s). All actions to carry out primary psychological healthcare for these underrepresented cohorts were additionally overseen by local civil-affair authorities. This study has been officially approved by the IRB of Nanchong Psychosomatic Hospital (No. NCPP 2022002). All procedures were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines from declaration of Helsinki statement.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.