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Authors
Tharaud, Jessica B.
Nikolas, Molly A.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32 GM149386)
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Article History
Received: 4 June 2025
Accepted: 5 September 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
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: The University of California San Diego IRB approved data collection for the ABCD study, and each site receives approval from local IRBs. This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The IRB at the University of Iowa has confirmed that no ethical approval is required for the current study. Written informed consent was obtained from parents or caregivers and youth provided verbal assent prior to study participation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
