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Authors
Zhao, Shan
Li, Xuanjing
Gao, Xiang
Lv, Yipeng
Cao, Yang
Mi, Gaofeng
Wang, Hui
Niu, Li
Li, Yan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32400885, 32300888, 72293585)
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Article History
Received: 18 November 2024
Accepted: 16 September 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
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: All participants provided written informed consent. The current study was conducted under the ethical approval of the Institutional Review Board from Beijing Normal University, China (Approval number: BNU202309270135) and the Institutional Review Board of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (Approval number: SJUPN-2024-029-HY1-KS2).
: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools were used only for minor language editing (e.g., grammar and style checks). All scientific content, interpretations, and conclusions were generated by the authors.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
