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Authors
Chen, Yanhua
Black, Michelle
Bennett, Davara
McGovern, Ruth
Sharp, Helen
Rehkopf, David H.
Taylor-Robinson, David C.
Adjei, Nicholas Kofi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
NIHR Public Health Policy Research Unit (PR-PRU-1217-20901)
NIHR Public Health Policy Research Unit (PR-PRU-1217-20901)
NIHR Public Health Policy Research Unit (PR-PRU-1217-20901)
NIHR Public Health Policy Research Unit (PR-PRU-1217-20901)
NIHR Public Health Policy Research Unit (PR-PRU-1217-20901)
NIHR School for Public Health Research (PD-SPH-2015)
School for Public Health Research (PD-SPH-2015)
National Institute for Health and Care Research (302438)
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Article History
Received: 11 July 2025
Accepted: 1 January 2026
First Online: 14 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for each wave of the MCS was granted by NHS Multicenter Research Ethics Committees. No further ethical approval was required for this secondary analysis of MCS data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
