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Authors
Saiz, Augustine Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1955-8667
Rahmati, Maryam
Johnson, Soren David
Bhat, Aneesh Satish
Baldini, Tony Daniel
Øvrebø, Øystein
Nogueira, Liebert Parreiras
Khassawna, Thaqif El
Stötzel, Sabine
Fierro, Fernando A.
Lee, Mark A.
Leach, J. Kent
Haugen, Håvard Jostein
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
AO Trauma North America
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis
National Institute of Arthritis And Musculoskeletal And Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (K08AR084594)
Orthopaedic Trauma Association (4122)
Norges Forskningsråd (331752)
Norges Forskningsråd (331752)
National Institutes of Health (R01 AR079211)
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Article History
Received: 18 June 2025
Accepted: 27 August 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
Declarations
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: The usage of luciferase-GFP labeled MSCs was done under an approved protocol from the UC Davis Biological Use Authorization (BUA, protocol # R3319). In addition, we performed animal surgeries in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis in compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines under an approved protocol from the UC Davis Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC# 23193). No other ethical approval was applicable to this study.
: Not applicable.
: AMS – serves on committees for AO, OTA, AAOS, and ORS. MR serves on committees for ISFR ORS. The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this study, except for ØØ who is the inventor of the hydrogel used. The intellectual property rights and commercial rights to the material are owned by Nupep AS, where ØØ is the main shareholder. Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute Of Arthritis And Musculoskeletal And Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number K08AR084594. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
