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Authors
Li, Xiubo
Shen, Chunhui
Peng, Xiang
Xu, Qianfeng
Zhang, Jun
He, Minghui
Kong, Minyi
Lin, Zhao
Luo, Jingyan
Wang, Yan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Guangzhou Science and Technology Program (2023A03J0952)
the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82403736)
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Article History
Received: 17 October 2025
Accepted: 8 March 2026
First Online: 20 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangzhou First People’s Hospital (Approval No. K-2025-034-01). This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Guangzhou First People’s Hospital (Approval No. K-2025-034-01). As this was a retrospective study based on residual clinical specimens obtained after routine diagnostic procedures and anonymized clinical data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee. All data were de-identified prior to analysis to ensure patient confidentiality.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
