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Article History

Received: 21 July 2025

Accepted: 1 October 2025

First Online: 14 November 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by independent institutional review boards of each participating site and was conducted in accordance with the ethics principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and with Good Clinical Practice guidelines defined by the International Conference on Harmonization. All patients provided written informed consent.

: Not applicable.

: Jorge Cortes: Research funding for his current or former institution from, and is a consultant to, Astellas, Amphivena, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Takeda, Daiichi, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Merus, and Forma Therapeutics; and is a consultant to Rigel, BiolineRx, Bio-Path, Sun Pharma, and Tern. Antonio Curti: Board/advisory committee member for Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Novartis, Servier, and AbbVie. Pierre Fenaux: No disclosures. Brian Jonas: Consultancy/advisory role for AbbVie, BMS, Gilead, Kura, Rigel, Schrodinger, Syndax, and Treadwell; data monitoring committee for Gilead; research funding to institution from AbbVie, Amgen, Aptose, AROG, Biomea, BMS, Celgene, Forma, Forty-Seven, Genentech/Roche, Gilead, GlycoMimetics, Hanmi, Immune-Onc, Jazz, Kymera, Loxo, Pfizer, Pharmacyclics, and Treadwell. Jurgen Krauter: No disclosures. Pau Montesinos: Consultant and has received research funding from Servier and Bristol Myers Squibb. Christian Recher: Consultant to, has received honoraria and research funding from, and is a board/advisory committee member for AbbVie, BMS, and Jazz Pharmaceuticals; has received honoraria and research funding from and is a board/advisory committee member for Amgen and Astellas; is a board/advisory committee member for Novartis, Pfizer, and Takeda; and is a consultant to, has received honoraria from, and is a board/advisory committee member for Servier. David C Taussig: Research funding from Bayer and from AbbVie to attend the American Society of Hematology meeting; supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NICR) Royal Marsden/Institute of Cancer Research Biomedical Research Centre. Eunice Wang: Consultancy fee from AbbVie, Astellas, BMS, Gilead, GSK, Jazz, Kite, Novartis, Pfizer, PharmaEssentia, Takeda. Speaker bureau for Astellas, Kite, Novartis, Pfizer, Dava Oncology and Kura Oncology. Justin Watts: Research funding from and was a board/advisory committee member for Takeda; has received research funding from Immune System Key Ltd; and is a consultant or board/advisory committee member for Genentech, Rafael Pharma, Reven Pharma, Celgene/Bristol-Myers Squib, Servier, Rigel, Aptose, Astellas, and Daiichi-Sankyo. Andrew Wei: Serves on advisory boards for Janssen, Abbvie, Servier; has consulted for Servier, JNJ, Aculeus, receives research funding to the Institution from Novartis, Storm Therapeutics, Abbvie, Servier, BMS, Janssen, Syndax, Astra Zeneca; serves on speaker bureaus for Abbvie, Servier; A.H.W is an employee of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute (WEHI). WEHI receives milestone and royalty payments related to the development of Venetoclax. Current and past employees of Walter and Eliza Hall Institute may be eligible for financial benefits related to these payments. A.H.W. receives such a financial benefit. Karen WL Yee: Consultant for Bristol Myers Squibb/Celgene, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, GSK, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Pfizer, Shattuck Labs, Taiho Oncology, and Takeda; received research funding from Astex Pharmaceuticals, Forma Therapeutics, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Forma Therapeutics, Genentech, Geron Corporation, Gilead Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, and Treadwell Therapeutics; and received honoraria from AbbVie, TaiHo, and Novartis. Hua Tian: Employment and stock ownership, Rigel Pharmaceuticals. Aaron Sheppard: Employment and stock ownership, Rigel Pharmaceuticals. Christophe Marzac: Honoraria from Astellas, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Incyte; Research funding from Incyte. Stephane de Botton: Honoraria from AbbVie, Astellas Pharma, Bristol Myers Squibb, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and Servier; has acted as a consultant or advisor to Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Servier, and Syndax; has participated in speaker bureaus for AbbVie, Astellas Pharma, Bristol Myers Squibb, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and Servier; has received research funding to his institution from Auron Therapeutics and Forma Therapeutics; and has received travel, accommodations, or expenses from AbbVie and Servier.