Chong, Stephen J. F.
Valentin, Rebecca
Wang, Jing
Zhu, Fen
Gokhale, Prafulla C.
Eschle, Benjamin K.
Garbicz, Filip
Iskandar, Kartini
Sewastianik, Tomasz
Toh, Brienne C. Y.
Penailillo, Johany
Peluso, Marisa O.
Zhang, Jeremy
Hackett, Liam
Collins, Mary C.
Lehmberg, Timothy Z.
Adam, Ammar
Zhang, Li
Armet, Caroline M.
Rausch, Matthew
Lee, Benjamin H.
Holland, Pamela M.
Palombella, Vito J.
Paterson, Alison M.
Kong, Li Ren
ten Hacken, Elisa
Guerriero, Jennifer L.
Herbaux, Charles
Wu, Catherine J.
Chng, Wee Joo
Pervaiz, Shazib
Niemann, Carsten U.
Carrasco, Ruben D.
Davids, Matthew S.
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Medical Research Council (NMRC/OFYIRG24JUL-0013)
Ministry of Education - Singapore (AcRF Tier 1, FY2024)
Polish National Science Centre (2018/31/N/NZ5/03214)
Robert A. Kyle Career Development Award
National Cancer Institute (NCI-P01CA206978)
Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy
National Institutes of Health (R01CA266298)
CLL Society Career Development Award
Leukemia and Lymphoma Society
Eva & Henry Fraenkels Mindefond
Pan-Massachusetts Challenge
Surface Oncology
Article History
Received: 28 July 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 3 January 2026
Declarations
:
: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from patients who fulfilled diagnostic criteria for CLL following informed consent, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center institutional review board. Animal studies were approved by the Dana-Farber internal and Surface Oncology external Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees.
: Not applicable.
: R. Valentin is a current employee at Genmab. J. L. Guerriero is a consultant for Glaxo-Smith Kline (GSK), Codagenix, Verseau Therapeutics, Kymera, Kowa, Duke Street Bio., and Array BioPharma and receives sponsored research support from Duke Street Bio, GSK, Array BioPharma, Merck and Eli Lilly. T. Z. Lehmberg is a current employee at Casma Therapeutics. M. O. Peluso, A. Adam, L. Zhang, C. M. Armet, M. Rausch, B. H. Lee, V. J. Palombella, P. M. Holland, A. M. Paterson are former employees of Surface Oncology, which has been acquired by Coherus BioSciences. C. Herbaux has received honoraria and travel funding from AbbVie. C. U. Niemann has received consultancy fees and/or travel grants from Janssen, Abbvie, Novartis, Roche, Sunesis, Gilead, AstraZeneca, and CSL Behring, research support from Abbvie, AstraZeneca, Janssen and Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF16OC0019302), outside this project. M. S. Davids is on Consultancy/Advisory Boards at AbbVie, Adaptive, Ascentage, Astra-Zeneca, Beigene, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Genentech, Genmab, Janssen, MEI Pharma, Merck, Nuvalent, SchrÓ§dinger, Takeda, and has received research funding from Ascentage, MEI Pharma, Novartis, and Surface Oncology. C. J. Wu has received research funding from Pharmacyclics. All other authors declare no competing interests.