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Article History

Received: 25 March 2026

Accepted: 6 June 2026

First Online: 16 June 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the MD Anderson Cancer Center Institutional review board.

: SL: Participation in Advisory board: Abbvie, Daiichi Sankyo, BluePrint Medicine, Caris Diagnostics, Recordati, Servier, Grants/contracts: Astellas, Amgen, Honoraria for lectures: Pathology Education Partners; VJ HemeOnc, College of American Pathologists, OncLive, ICCS, MD Education, NCCN, MashUp Media, NCTN, Aptitude Health, Support for meeting/travel: Pathology Education Partners; VJ HemeOnc, College of American Pathologists, ICCS, MD Education, NCCN, MashUp Media, Binay Foundation.PB: consulting fees from AbbVie, Blueprint Medicines Corporation, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Cogent BioSciences, CTI BioPharma, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Disc Medicine, Geron Corporation, GlaxoSmithKline, Incyte Corporation, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Jubilant Therapeutics, Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc, Keros Therapeutics, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Morphic Therapeutic, Morphosys, Novartis, Pharma Essentia, Raythera, Sobi, Inc, and Takeda Oncology; fees for other professional activities from GlaxoSmithKline and Merck Sharp and Dohme; grant and/or contract funding from Ajax Therapeutics, Blueprint Medicines Corporation, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, Cogent BioSciences, CTI BioPharma, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Disc Medicine, Geron Corporation, Incyte Corporation, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Janssen Biotech, Inc, Kartos Therapeutics, Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc, Morphosys, and Telios.LM: advisory board participation with Cogent, GSK, MorphoSys, and PharmaEssentiaTK: Has been a consultant for AbbVie, Agios, BMS, Genentech, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Servier, and PinotBio; has received research funding from AbbVie, BMS, Genentech, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Cellenkos, Ascentage Pharma, GenFleet Therapeutics, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Amgen, Cyclacel Pharmaceuticals, Delta-Fly Pharma, Iterion Therapeutics, GlycoMimetics, and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; and has received honoraria from Astex PharmaceuticalsCDD: Research Support (to institution): Abbvie, Aprea, Astex, Auron, BMS, Jazz, Remix, Rigel, Servier, Schrodinger, Sillajen, Systimmune. Consultant/Advisory Boards: Abbvie, Astellas, AZD, BMS, Daiichi Sankyo, Ellipses, GenMab, GSK, MPI, Rigel, Schrodinger, Servier, SyndaxNJS: consulting fees from Amgen, Pfizer Inc, GlaxoSmithKline, Adaptive Biotechnologies, Autolus, and Sanofi; research funding from Takeda Oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc, Xencor, GlaxoSmithKline, NextCure, Ascentage, Novartis, Hemogenyx, and Vironexis; and honoraria from Adaptive Biotechnologies, Novartis, Amgen, Takeda Oncology, Pfizer Inc, Astellas Pharma Inc, and Sanofi.EJ: Research grants and consultancy fees from:, Abbvie, Adapative Biotechnologies, Amgen, Autolus, Ascentage, ASTX/Taho, Bristol Myers Squibb, Genentech, Novartis, Takeda, Pfizer, TG-RX, TERNSGGM: consulting fees from Bristol Myers Squibb; research support from AbbVie, Astex, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chordia, Curis, Genentech, Novartis, Rigel Pharmaceuticals, and Zentalis; and honoraria from Astex and Curis.NP: Consultancy/Scientific Advisory Board/Speaking: Pacylex Pharmaceuticals, Astellas Pharma US, Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation, CareDx, ImmunoGen, Inc, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Cimeio Therapeutics AG, EUSA Pharma, Menarini Group, Blueprint Medicines, CTI BioPharma, ClearView Healthcare Partners, Novartis Pharmaceutical, Neopharm, Celgene Corporation, AbbVie Pharmaceuticals, Pharma Essentia, Curio Science, DAVA Oncology, Imedex, Intellisphere, CancerNet, Harborside Press, Karyopharm, Aptitude Health, Medscape, Magdalen Medical Publishing, Morphosys, OncLive, CareDx, Patient Power, Physician Education Resource (PER), PeerView Insitute for Medical Education; Research (grant): United States Department of Defense, National Institute of Health/National Cancer Institute (NIH/NCI); Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors/Management: Dan’s House of Hope; Leadership: ASH Committee on Communications, ASCO Cancer.Net Editorial Board; Licenses: Karger Publishers; Uncompensated: HemOnc Times/Oncology TimesND: Grants: Daiichi-Sankyo, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Pfizer, Gilead, Servier, Genentech, Astellas, AbbVie, ImmunoGen, Amgen, Trillium, Hanmi, Trovagene, FATE Therapeutics, Novimmune, Glyomimetics, KITE; Consulting fees: Daiichi-Sankyo, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Pfizer, Gilead, Servier, Genentech, Astellas, AbbVie, ImmunoGen, Amgen, Trillium, Arog, Novartis, Jazz, Celgene, Syndax, Shattuck Labs, Agios, KITE, Stemline/Menarini. All other authors declare no competing interests.