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Article History

Received: 4 June 2025

Accepted: 27 June 2025

First Online: 12 July 2025

Change Date: 5 September 2026

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised: minor corrections were made in some of the reference details

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study involves human participants, and the local ethics committee of the Hamburg Medical Association approved the study (PV5392). All participants provided informed consent before inclusion in the study.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: IH has received honoraria from BMS and Sysmex for lectures and presentations outside the submitted work. SWS has received honoraria from GSK, Leo, Sanofi, Pfizer, Almirall, and Novartis. SWS is a board member of the Hiege Stiftung – Die Deutsche Hautkrebsstiftung, unpaid. JK received grants from Hiege-Stiftung – Die Deutsche Hautkrebsstiftung, Roggenbuck-Stiftung, UCCH-fellowship, and MSNZ, outside the submitted work. GG received honoraria from Almirall Hermal GmbH, Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaA, and Janssen-Cilag GmbH for lectures and presentations. CG is a board member of the Hiege Stiftung – Die Deutsche Hautkrebsstiftung, unpaid. CG has research support from BMS, Novartis, Pierre-Fabre, Regeneron, and Sanofi. CG is a member of the advisory board of BioNTech, BMS, Immunocore, MSD, Novartis, Pierre-Fabre, Regeneron, Sanofi, SUN Pharma, and Sysmex. CG has received honoraria from BMS, GSK, Immunocore, MSD, Novartis, Pierre Fabre, Regeneron, Sanofi, Sun Pharma, and Sysmex. KP has received funding from the EU/IHI (GUIDE.MRD).