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Article History

Received: 4 June 2025

Accepted: 27 June 2025

First Online: 12 July 2025

Declarations

:

: This study involves human participants, and the local ethics committee of the Hamburg Medical Association approved the study (PV5392). All participants provided informed consent before inclusion in the study.

: Not applicable.

: IH has received honoraria from BMS and Sysmex for lectures and presentations outside the submitted work. SWS has received honoraria from GSK, Leo, Sanofi, Pfizer, Almirall, and Novartis. SWS is a board member of the Hiege Stiftung – Die Deutsche Hautkrebsstiftung, unpaid. JK received grants from Hiege-Stiftung – Die Deutsche Hautkrebsstiftung, Roggenbuck-Stiftung, UCCH-fellowship, and MSNZ, outside the submitted work. GG received honoraria from Almirall Hermal GmbH, Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaA, and Janssen-Cilag GmbH for lectures and presentations. CG is a board member of the Hiege Stiftung – Die Deutsche Hautkrebsstiftung, unpaid. CG has research support from BMS, Novartis, Pierre-Fabre, Regeneron, and Sanofi. CG is a member of the advisory board of BioNTech, BMS, Immunocore, MSD, Novartis, Pierre-Fabre, Regeneron, Sanofi, SUN Pharma, and Sysmex. CG has received honoraria from BMS, GSK, Immunocore, MSD, Novartis, Pierre Fabre, Regeneron, Sanofi, Sun Pharma, and Sysmex. KP has received funding from the EU/IHI (GUIDE.MRD).