Cianci, Francesca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9935-1526
Verduci, Ivan
Cazzoli, Riccardo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2813-3510
Cannavale, Gaetano
Rey, Guido https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9060-541X
Veronesi, Marina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8491-8844
Balboni, Beatrice https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2729-4235
Ranucci, Matteo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3332-6202
Palloni, Luca Maria Giovanni https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9004-4415
Ballabio, Federico https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5702-3674
Barsotti, Noemi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6399-436X
Ailuno, Giorgia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2234-1805
Balboni, Alice https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9809-5715
Baldassari, Sara
Caviglioli, Gabriele https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8129-7421
Tacconi, Carlotta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6431-7555
Camilloni, Carlo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9923-8590
Girotto, Stefania https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0339-6675
Barbieri, Federica https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8988-6896
Fantin, Alessandro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5517-6068
Cavalli, Andrea https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-1176
Pasqualetti, Massimo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0844-8139
Florio, Tullio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2394-996X
Minucci, Saverio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5678-536X
Mazzanti, Michele https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-3811
Funding for this research was provided by:
My first AIRC
PRIN PNRR 2022 program
National Recovery and Resilience Plan
AIRC IG20
Article History
Received: 1 September 2025
Accepted: 4 November 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Change Date: 30 December 2025
Change Type: Update
Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised: the authors would like to correct the affiliation of Dr. Saverio Minucci.
Change Date: 20 January 2026
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-025-03628-9
Declarations
:
: Glioblastoma patient-derived cells were obtained from Tullio Florio’s laboratory with the authorization of the San Martino Ethical Committee.Mouse glioblastoma model and related experiments were obtained as a service from Charles River Company.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.