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Authors
Liu, Lidan
Wu, Huimei
Huang, Qianyi
Xu, Dongliu
Li, Mujun
Qin, Lang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guangxi Medical and Health Appropriate Technology Development and Promotion Project (S2022081)
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Article History
Received: 12 August 2025
Accepted: 9 October 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University on July 14, 2025 (Approval No.: 2025-E0580). The requirement for informed consent was waived as the study utilized anonymized early pregnancy ultrasound images and archived medical records. All procedures complied with the ethical standards of the institutional review board and the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision).
: AI Assistance Statement:AI tools (ChatGPT4o) were utilized to enhance language fluency and readability. The authors are entirely responsible for the research integrity, findings, and conclusions of this work.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The authors declare no competing financial interests or personal relationships that could influence the work reported in this paper.
: 1) The trial is not a clinical trial. 2) Data regarding any of the subjects in the study has not been previously published unless specified. 3) Data will be made available to the editors of the journal for review or inquiry upon request.
