Convertino, Victor A.
Parquette, Brent A.
Wampler, David A.
Manifold, Craig A.
Lindstrom, David A.
Boland, Lori L.
Burkhart, Nathan T.
Lurie, Keith G.
Lick, Charles J.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medical Research and Materiel Command (W81XWH-12-2-0027)
Article History
Received: 27 July 2017
Accepted: 18 October 2017
First Online: 30 October 2017
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: Ethics approvals for this study were obtained from the IRBs at each site: ProMedica Health System IRB (Lucas County EMS); UT Health Science Center IRB (San Antonio Fire Department); Allina Health IRB (Allina Health EMS).
: Written informed consent for publication of Fig.InternalRef removedhas been obtained.
: KL is a consultant for ZOLL Medical, the manufacturer of the impedance threshold device (ITD) used in the study and he is a co-inventor of the device; NB is an employee of ZOLL Medical.
: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.