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Article History

Received: 3 October 2017

Accepted: 10 April 2018

First Online: 18 April 2018

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The first author’s Institutional Review Board (Singapore General Hospital, Singapore Health Services) granted ethical approval and waiver of consent for this retrospective study, reference number 2014/559/D. Ethical approval was required prior to gaining access to the National Trauma Registry data, which is de-identified prior to release for research, password-protected and access limited to the premises of the National Registry of Diseases Office.

: None of the authors have any potential conflicts of interest to declare with regard to the manuscript under consideration for publication.

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