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Authors
Sutham, Krongkarn
Piamanan, Prasan
Kamthip, Boonyarit
Kaewpaengchan, Weerapont
Meelarp, Nattikarn
Wongtanasarasin, Wachira
Wittayachamnankul, Borwon
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Article History
Received: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 22 October 2025
First Online: 13 November 2025
Declarations
:
: None.
: Patient and public involvement was integral to the design, execution, and dissemination of this study. In recognition of the importance of the incorporation of patient perspectives and to ensure the relevance of our research, we engaged with patients and members of the public at multiple stages of the research process.
: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University (Protocol No. EME-2568-0410). Given the retrospective nature of the study and the use of de-identified records, the requirement for individual informed consent was waived by the committee. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional guidelines.
: not applicable.
