Boulton, Adam J.
Lang, Nigel
Miller, Joshua
Whitley, Gregory Adam
Zorab, Oliver
de Paeztron, Adam
Leech, Caroline
Gill, Paramjit
Perkins, Gavin D.
de Albuquerque, João Porto
Brown, Terry P.
Yeung, Joyce
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR303023)
Article History
Received: 26 April 2026
Accepted: 22 June 2026
First Online: 15 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Research Authority and Research Ethics Committee approval (23/NW/0378).
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: Adam J Boulton (Doctoral Research Fellow, NIHR303023) is funded by the NIHR for this research project. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR, NHS or the UK Department of Health and Social Care.The Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest Registry is funded by the British Heart Foundation and Resuscitation Council. Terry Brown is supported by funding from the British Heart Foundation and Resuscitation Council UK (OHCAO Project). He has also received funding for research from NIHR HSDR.