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Article History

Received: 20 December 2024

Accepted: 9 March 2025

First Online: 18 March 2025

Declarations

:

: This retrospective study used data from routine clinical examinations, with personal identifiable information removed. As the study did not involve additional interventions or experimental operations, the ethics committee approved the waiver of informed consent. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and complies with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Written informed consent was obtained from the guardian for the publication of any potentially identifiable images or data included in this article.

: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.