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Article History

Received: 5 December 2024

Accepted: 27 May 2025

First Online: 1 July 2025

Declarations

:

: All methods were performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The approval by ethics committee was not applicable because the data retrospectively collected were all the items needed by the follow-up of these patients and by a good clinical practice for children with congenital hypothyroidism. No experimental drugs were employed, and no blood samples, other than all required in consideration of the standards of care, were done. Written informed consent was obtained from the parents. The parents wrote the informed consent on ethics approval and consent. The written consent is in the documents in the hospital “G. Di Cristina”, ARNAS Palermo, Italy.

: Not applicable.

: All the authors declare no conflicts of interest. Professor Giovanni Corsello is Editor-in-Chief of Italian Journal of Pediatrics.