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Authors
Du, Qingxia https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6377-2104
Zhang, Xin
Sun, Honglin
Bi, Zhenze
Li, Xinxiang
Wei, Xiaoling
Li, Lei https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5168-5657
Zhou, Weiran
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science and Technology Development Program of Jinan Municipal Health Commission (2022-2-150)
Science and Technology Development Program of Jinan Municipal Health Commission (2023-2-144)
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Article History
Received: 15 August 2025
Accepted: 4 November 2025
First Online: 27 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Jinan Children’s Hospital (Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University), and the requirement for informed consent was waived owing to the observation nature of this study. This study was performed in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki andother relevant regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
