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Authors
Giovannini, Mattia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9568-6882
Pertile, Riccardo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1455-842X
Pucci, Alessandra
Simonetti, Gabriele https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5252-2941
Geat, Davide https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3430-2077
Novembre, Elio
Pace, Manuela
Ricci, Giampaolo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3660-8750
Barni, Simona https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5598-2740
Mori, Francesca https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7483-0128
Tomei, Leonardo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7177-7939
Filippeschi, Cesare https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5658-7341
Oranges, Teresa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7277-3278
Pedaci, Fausto https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-7404
Tronconi, Greta https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7839-1848
Peroni, Diego https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0234-1373
Galli, Elena
Neri, Iria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8552-0771
Giannetti, Arianna https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8243-9727
Baldo, Ermanno
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Article History
Received: 15 September 2025
Accepted: 17 January 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
:
: An informed, written consent was obtained from all parents/guardians prior to including the patients in the study. The study was reviewed and approved by the board of the “Giovan Battista Mattei” Research Institute.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have the following competing interests to disclose in relation to this paper: MG worked as a consultant doctor at Azienda Consorziale Terme di Comano from April to October 2015. MG reports personal fees from Sanofi, Thermo Fisher Scientific. DG worked as a consultant doctor at Azienda Consorziale Terme di Comano from May to September 2016. EB is the president of the “Giovan Battista Mattei” Research Institute. SB declared speaker fees from Nutricia, Sanofi, Firma. However, no significant competing interest could have influenced the outcomes of this work. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interests to disclose in relation to this paper.
