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Article History

Received: 2 April 2019

Accepted: 15 April 2019

First Online: 6 May 2019

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board (no. 17-0805). Informed consent for participation was obtained from all patients prior to the completion of any study procedures.

: Not applicable.

: LSJ, JMF, TL, and JK have no known conflicts of interest associated with this study, and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome. Kota S., NK, and SW are employees of Nihon Kohden Corporation and Nihon Kohden Innovation Center, INC. There are no products in market to declare. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the journal’s policies on sharing data and materials. Koichiro S. and LBB have a patent right of metabolic measurements in critically ill patients. Koichiro S. has a grant/research support from Nihon Kohden Corp.. LBB has a grant/research support from Philips Healthcare, the NIH, Nihon Kohden Corp., Zoll Medical Corp, PCORI, BrainCool, and United Therapeutics and owes patents including 7 issued patents and several pending patents involving the use of medical slurries as human coolant devices to create slurries, reperfusion cocktails, and measurement of respiratory quotient.

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