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Article History

Received: 6 July 2021

Accepted: 18 August 2021

First Online: 24 August 2021

Declarations

:

: The present investigation is a secondary analysis of data prospectively collected to ascertain the characteristics and clinical course of COVID-19 patients in the ICU of the “Servizio di Anestesia e Rianimazione 2 – Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Italy” after approval of by the local ethical committee (Protocol No. 3658/20). The study was conducted according to the principles outlined in the Helsinki Declaration, and written informed consent was waived owing to the observational nature of the study design, since all the patients were treated according to standard clinical practice.

: Not applicable.

: Dr. Simonetta Tesoro declares speaking honoraria from MSD. Dr. Angelo Giacomucci declares unrestricted grant from CSL Behring, travel grant from Edwards, and travel grant from Abionic SPA. Prof Paolo Navalesi declares to have received: grants, personal fees and non-financial support from Maquet Critical Care—Getinge; grants and non-financial support from Draeger and Intersurgical S.p.A; and personal fees from Gilead, Philips, Resmed, MSD, and Novartis, in each case for reasons that remain unrelated to the submitted work. Prof. Navalesi also contributed to the development of the patented ‘helmet Next,’ the royalties for which are paid to Intersurgical Spa. Prof. Navalesi contributed to the development of a device not discussed in the present study with patent application number: EP20170199831.