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Article History

Received: 20 September 2022

Accepted: 15 November 2022

First Online: 25 November 2022

Declarations

:

: This analysis is covered by the approval EA4/084/21 of the ethics committee of the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin from 30.03.2022. According to German regulations, the ethics committee waived the necessity of informed consent due to the retrospective analysis of routine clinical data.

: Not applicable.

: SJS reports grants from Reactive Robotics GmbH (Munich, Germany), grants and non-financial support from STIMIT AG (Biel, Switzerland), Liberate Medical LLC (Crestwood USA), ESICM (Geneva, Switzerland), grants, personal fees and non-financial support from Fresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbH (Bad Homburg, Germany), personal fees from Springer Verlag GmbH (Vienna Germany) for educational purposes and Advanz Pharma GmbH (Bielefeld, Germany), non-financial support from National and international societies (and their congress organisers) in the field of anesthesiology and intensive care medicine, outside the submitted work. SJS holds stocks in small amounts from Alphabeth Inc., Bayer AG and Siemens AG; these holdings have not affected any decisions regarding his research or this study. MW reports grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pneumologie, European Respiratory Society, Marie Curie Foundation, Else Kröner Fresenius Stiftung, Capnetz Stiftung, International Max Planck Research School, Actelion, Bayer Health Care, Biotest and Boehringer Ingelheim. Personal fees from Actelion, Aptarion, Astra Zeneca, Bayer Health Care, Berlin Chemie, Teva, Biotest, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Glaxo Smith Kline, Novartis, Noxxon, Pantherna, Sinoxa, Vaxxilon. MW has the following patents issued EPO 12181535.1: IL-27 for modulation of immune response in acute lung injury Issued (2012), WO/2010/094491: Means for inhibiting the expression of Ang-2 Issued (2010), DE 102020116249.9: Camostat/Niclosamide cotreatment in SARS-CoV-2-infected human lung cells Issued (2020/21), PCT/EP2021/075627: New medical use of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators. FB reports grants from German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Berlin Institute of Health, German Federal Ministry of Health, Einstein Foundation, Hans Böckler Foundation, Berlin University Alliance. Personal fees from Medtronic, GE and Robert Koch Institut. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.