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Article History

Received: 25 May 2023

Accepted: 22 June 2023

First Online: 4 July 2023

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable. All authors have seen and approved the final version of the manuscript.

: Prof. Wischmeyer reports receiving investigator-initiated grant funding related to this work from the National Institutes of Health, Department of Defense, Abbott, Baxter, and Fresenius. Dr. Wischmeyer has served as a consultant to Abbott, Fresenius, Baxter, Mend Inc, and Nutricia for research related to this work. Dr. Wischmeyer received unrestricted gift donations for nutrition research from Musclesound and DSM. Dr. Wischmeyer has received honoraria or travel expenses for CME lectures on improving nutrition care from Abbott, Baxter, Fresenius, Danone-Nutricia, DSM, and Nestle. Prof. Dr. Van Zanten reported receiving honoraria for advisory board meetings, lectures, research, and travel expenses from AOP Pharma, Baxter, Cardinal Health, Danone-Nutricia, DIM3, Fresenius Kabi, GE Healthcare, Mermaid, Rousselot, and Lyric. Prof Mette M Berger received honoraria for lectures on nutrition therapy from Abbott, Baxter, Fresenius Kabi, DSM, and Nestle Health Science. Prof. Dr. Elisabeth De Waele reports receiving investigator-initiated grant funding related to her work from the Belgian National Institutes of Health, Federaal Kennis Centrum, Wetenschappelijk Fonds Willy Gepts, Baxter Healthcare, Danone-Nutricia and Fresenius. She reports receiving honoraria for advisory board meetings, lectures, research, and travel expenses from Baxter Healthcare, Cardinal Health, Danone-Nutricia, Fresenius Kabi, and ARTMedical. Dr Puthucheary reports receiving honoraria for advisory board meetings and lectures from Fresenius Kabi, Nestle, Baxter, Nutricia and Faraday Pharmaceuticals, and research funding from Baxter and Nestle. Dr. Bear reports receiving honoraria for advisory board meetings from Avanos, Cardinal Health and Nutricia and lectures from Baxter and Cardinal Health. Prof Prado has previously received honoraria and/or paid consultancy from Abbott Nutrition, Nutricia, Nestlé Health Science, Fresenius Kabi, AMRA Medical, and Pfizer. Outside of the submitted work, Dr. Ridley reports unrestricted grants paid to my institution from Baxter Healthcare (USA), Nutricia Australia and Fresenius Kabi Australia and personal fees for speaking from Nestle Australia, Baxter Healthcare (USA), Baxter Healthcare (Australia), Nutricia Australia, Fresenius Kabi and Nestle Australia. Dr Ridley has salary support from National Health and Medical Research Council HMRC Emerging Leadership Investigator Grant.