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Article History

Received: 1 November 2023

Accepted: 4 January 2024

First Online: 16 January 2024

Declarations

:

: The EFFORT Protein trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03160547). No core funding was received for this reanalysis. The investigator-initiated EFFORT Protein trial protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committees of Queen’s University, Canada, and a central institutional review board (IRB) at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA that granted waiver of informed consent for sites that acceded to this central IRB. Otherwise, where required by local study sites, local ethics approval was obtained and informed consent was also obtained from designated patient surrogates before randomisation. All sites and personnel that participated in the data collection are listed in the Supplementary Appendix of the main manuscript [].

: DEB has received speaker fees, conference attendance support or advisory board fees from Baxter, Cardinal Health and Avanos. ZP has received honoraria for consultancy from GlaxoSmithKline, Lyric Pharmaceuticals, Faraday Pharmaceuticals and Fresenius-Kabi, educational support from Baxter and Nestle Health Science and speaker fees from Orion, Baxter, Sedana, Fresenius-Kabi and Nestle. JP has recent Consultancy agreements with Jaffron Biomedical, Mission Therapeutics, Paion Ltd., Nephrolyx GmbH, Medibeacon Inc., Baxter Inc and Nikkiso Europe GmbH, received speaker’s fees and hospitality from Baxter Inc, BBraun, Nikkiso Europe and Fresenius Medical Care and received research support from Astute Medical/ Biomerieux and Jaffron Biomedical. The remaining authors have no competing interest to declare.