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Article History

Received: 4 January 2025

Accepted: 27 February 2025

First Online: 8 May 2025

Declarations

:

: This study received approval from the institutional review board of the National University Hospital, Singapore (NUH-RNR-2024–0024). The study data were received after review and approval by the Scientific Oversight Committee of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organisation (ELSO request #2811).

: Consent for publication was waived in view of the deidentified nature of the data.

: RRL receives research support from the Clinician Scientist Development Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore. He serves as a fellow of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organisation (ELSO) Scientific Oversight Committee, and is an editorial board member of Critical Care. CA writes for UpToDate. SLL has received a Transitional Award from the National Medical Research Council Singapore. She has received research support for travel and conference meetings from the National University Heart Centre Singapore. She has been issued a patent for a “Novel Program and Biochemical Assays for Quantification of Single-Cell Secreted Biomolecules” (US Provisional Patent Application No. 63/676,851),serves as an Associate Editor for Resuscitation, and as an Editorial Board Member of Resuscitation Plus. RL received research support from Medtronic and LivaNova, is consultant for Medtronic and Livanova, Member of the Medical Advisory Board of Eurosets, Hemocue, and Xenios, and receives speaker fee from Abiomed. TM serves as a member of the board of the ELSO. YO has received a research grant from the ZOLL Foundation and an overseas scholarship from the FUKUDA Foundation for Medical Technology, International Medical Research Foundation, and the Khoo Postdoctoral Fellowship Award. JET is supported by the National Institutes of Health/ National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute for a clinical trial investigating LV unloading during cardiogenic shock (R01HL168510) and is the Chair of the Registry Committee of ELSO. DB reports consulting for LivaNova. He has been on the medical advisory boards for Medtronic, Inspira, Cellenkos and HBOX Therapies. He participates on the Data Safety Monitoring Board for the Early mobilisation during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO-PT) study. He is the President of ELSO and the Chair of the Board of ECMONet, and he writes for UpToDate. GM is the Past President of ELSO. KR is the chair of the ELSO Publications Committee, and serves as a member and the past-chair of the ELSO Scientific Oversight Committee. All other authors declare no competing interests.