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Left-digit bias in outcomes and invasive treatments among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with shockable rhythm: a nationwide multicenter observational study with regression discontinuity design analysis

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-025-05629-8

Published Online: 2025-08-29

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Miyamoto, Yuki

Kitamura, Tetsuhisa

Zha, Ling

Komukai, Sho

Oka, Sho

Shiozumi, Tadaharu

Nakada, Koki

Matsuyama, Tasuku
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Scientific Research from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (23KK0309)
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-08-29

Version of Record valid from 2025-08-29
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Article History

Received: 18 August 2025

Accepted: 21 August 2025

First Online: 29 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kyoto University as the corresponding institution (R-1045), and each hospital also approved the JAAM-OHCA Registry protocol, as necessary. The institutional review board at Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine approved the secondary analysis of de-identified data (Approval ID: ERB-C-650-1).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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