Wu, Tingting
Wei, Yueqing
Xiong, Jing
Wu, Jingbing
Lin, Xiuxia
Zhuang, Yaoning
Luo, Chenjuan
Xu, Meilian
Chen, Xuexian
Lin, Zhizhong
Li, Hong
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province (2023Y9326)
the Talent Recruitment Scientific Research Project at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University (YJRC4219)
the Research Projects of the Chinese Nursing Association (ZHKYQ202222)
Article History
Received: 22 July 2025
Accepted: 6 September 2025
First Online: 16 October 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Prior to enrollment, all participants received a detailed explanation of the study’s purpose, procedures, and content, and provided written informed consent. Participant confidentiality was strictly maintained throughout. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Fujian Provincial Hospital (Approval No. K2021-04-004).
: The authors declare no competing interests.