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Authors
Ding, Xiao-Yan
Chen, Han
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Youth Top Talent Project of Fujian Provincial Foal Eagle Program
Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province (2024Y9005)
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Article History
Received: 6 August 2025
Accepted: 3 November 2025
First Online: 5 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study utilized the publicly available MIMIC-IV database. The database has received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Boards of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The requirement for individual patient consent was waived because the project did not impact clinical care and all protected health information was deidentified.
: Not applicable as the manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
