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Authors
Ko, Ryoung-Eun
Kang, Danbee
Kim, Won Young
Hyun, Dong-gon
Lee, Yeon Joo
Cho, Woo Hyun
Park, Sunghoon
Cho, Juhee
Suh, Gee Young
,
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (2019E280500, 2020E280700, 2021-10-026)
Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine
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Article History
Received: 17 November 2025
Accepted: 18 January 2026
First Online: 27 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the institutional review boards of all participating hospitals, including Samsung Medical Center (IRB no. 2018-05-108). The requirement for informed consent was waived because of the observational nature of the registry-based study.
: Not application.
