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Article History

Received: 26 January 2026

Accepted: 23 March 2026

First Online: 26 March 2026

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: P.S. received personal fees from Abbvie, Astro Pharma, Fresenius Medical, Getinge, Gilead, Pfizer, and Roche, his institution received research funding from Astro Pharma, all unrelated to the submitted work. H.J.F.S. received speaker honoraria from AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Insmed, all unrelated to the submitted work. K.D. received research funding by Euroimmun, Fujifilm Wako, bioMérieux, Quantamatrix, and Zybio, all unrelated to the submitted work. J.P. received research funding from Pfizer and MSD, speaker fees from Pfizer, Gilead Sciences, Associates of Cape Cod, and SOBI, all unrelated to the submitted work. S.F. received travel grants from Pfizer and Gilead, funding for a public doctoral defence from Pfizer, Gilead and Mundipharma, and has received a speaker’s fee from Healtbook Company Ltd. J.W. received research funding from Gilead, MSD and Pfizer, all unrelated to the submitted work and received travel grants and speakers fees from Pfizer, MundiPharma and Gilead. A.C. received speaker fees from Gilead. M.H. received research funding from Gilead, Astellas, Basilea, Elion, MSD, GSK, IMMY, Pulmocide, Shionogi, Melinta, Mundipharma, Scynexis, F2G, ZeptoLifeSciences, and Pfizer, all unrelated to the submitted work. All other authors declare no conflict of interests.