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Authors
Telias, Irene
Grassi, Alice
Sklar, Michael C.
Junhasavasdikul, Detajin
Grieco, Domenico L.
Dres, Martin
Piraino, Thomas
Castellvi-Font, Andrea
Pham, Tài
Melo, Luana
Artigas, Ricard Mellado
Mazer, C. David
Goligher, Ewan C.
Brochard, Laurent
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Article History
Received: 11 January 2026
Accepted: 1 April 2026
First Online: 25 April 2026
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Board of St. Michael’s Hospital. Informed consent was obtained from the patients before the scheduled cardiac surgery for consideration of inclusion, provided there were no complications during or immediately after the surgery.
: Not applicable.
: IT’s personal associated holds equity in MBMed SA. LB received unrestricted research grants or equipment from Medtronic, Draeger, Stimit, Vitalair, Fisher Paykel, Sentec. EG reports personal fees for advisory board activities or consulting from Getinge, Drager, Vyaire, Zoll, Lungpacer, Stimit, Fisher & Paykel, Bioage, and Heecap.
