Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Jonkers, Jef
Rouzé, Anahita
Verhaeghe, Jarne
Van Biesen, Wim
De Waele, Jan
Duchateau, Luc
Van Wallendael, Glenn
Hoste, Eric
Van Hoecke, Sofie
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (1S11525N)
Interregional Healthcare Cooperation Group of the University Hospitals of Amiens, Caen, Lille, and Rouen (GCS G4)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 31 January 2026
Accepted: 7 April 2026
First Online: 10 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted using de-identified data from publicly available critical care databases (MIMIC-IV, AmsterdamUMCdb, and the eICU Collaborative Research Database). According to the policies governing these databases, their use for research purposes does not require additional institutional review board approval. In addition, the study included data from a local database at Ghent University Hospital, for which approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Ghent University Hospital (EC nr 2019/0705). The study was carried out in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
: For the publicly available databases, individual informed consent was waived, because the databases contain only de-identified health information that is made available for research in compliance with applicable regulations. For the local database at Ghent, informed consent was obtained according to applicable regulations.
: The code supporting the analyses and findings of this study is available here: .
: The authors declare no competing interests.
