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Article History

Received: 19 April 2026

Accepted: 14 June 2026

First Online: 19 June 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethics approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the Chamber of Physicians, Westfalen-Lippe, and the University of Münster (2023-708-f-S). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal representatives per local regulations and the ethics committee requirements.

: Not applicable.

: AZ has received consulting fees from Astute-Biomerieux, Baxter, Dropshot, Revelation, Bayer, Novartis, Guard Therapeutics, Chugai, AM Pharma, Paion, Viatris and Fresenius, research funding from Astute-Biomerieux, Fresenius, and Baxter, and speaker fees from Astute-Biomerieux, Paion, Viatris, Fresenius, and Baxter. JAK has received consulting fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Baxter, bioMérieux, Chugai Pharma, and Mitsubishi Tenabe. GV has received consulting fees from Baxter and Vantive. PP has received travel and consultation reimbursements from Baxter/Vantive, AmPharma, SphingoTec, EBI, and 4Teen4. MJ has received grants from Baxter/Vantive and Fresenius, consulting fees from Baxter/Vantive, AmPharma, Biomerieux, SphingoTec and Novartis as well as lecture fees from Baxter, Biomerieux and AOP, and is board member of the International Society of Critical Care Nephrology (ISCCN). All other authors have no competing interests to declare.