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Authors
Richard, Jean-Christophe https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1503-3035
Chorfa, Fatima
Terzi, Nicolas
Yonis, Hodane
Wallet, Florent
Dupuis, Claire
Argaud, Laurent
Delannoy, Bertrand
Thiery, Guillaume
Bourdin, Gaël
Rimmele, Thomas
Muller, Michel
Sigaud, Florian
Rigault, Guillaume
Joffredo, Emilie
Mezidi, Mehdi
Souweine, Bertrand
Baboi, Loredana
Serrier, Hassan
Rabilloud, Muriel
Bitker, Laurent
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
french Ministry of Health
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Article History
Received: 18 February 2026
Accepted: 8 July 2026
First Online: 14 July 2026
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the amended declaration of Helsinki, and was approved by a research ethics committee (CPP-IDF-VII) on April 14, 2020, under the reference IDCRB-2020-A00869-30. We obtained written informed consent from all patients and/or representatives.
: Not applicable.
: JC Richard received a grant from Hospices Civils de Lyon to conduct the present study, congress attendance fees by Pfizer and Gilead, scientific consultancy fees provided by Gilead unrelated to the submitted work, and lecture fees provided by Astra Zeneca and AMGEN unrelated to the submitted work. F Chorfa did not report any conflict of interest N. Terzi received lecture fees from Pfizer and Fisher & Peykel Healthcare unrelated to the submitted work, and congress attendance fees by Gilead H Yonis received a grant from the French Ministry of Health to conduct the study. F Wallet did not report any conflict of interest C Dupuis did not report any conflict of interest L Argaud did not report any conflict of interest B Delannoy did not report any conflict of interest G Thiery did not report any conflict of interest G Bourdin did not report any conflict of interest T Rimmelé did not report any conflict of interest M Muller did not report any conflict of interest F Sigaud did not report any conflict of interest G Rigaud reported congress attendance fees covered by Pfizer E Joffredo did not report any conflict of interest M Mezidi reported congress attendance fees covered by Pfizer B Souweine did not report any conflict of interest L Baboi did not report any conflict of interest H Serrier did not report any conflict of interest M Rabilloud has no conflict of interest L Bitker received a research grant from Hospices Civils de Lyon to conduct another study, received lecture fees from Viatris, and congress attendance fees from Pfizer.
: Part of this work has been presented as an abstract in the following congresses:European society of Intensive Care Medicine 2025 (Munich)Société de Réanimation de Langue Française 2025 (Paris)
