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Authors
Wong, Adrian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4968-7328
Melo, Rafael Hortêncio
Blaivas, Michael
Noor, Julina Md https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0733-0120
Bahner, David
Corradi, Francesco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5588-2608
Via, Gabriele https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6278-0506
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Article History
Received: 12 June 2026
Accepted: 27 August 2026
First Online: 11 September 2026
Declarations
Ethical approval and consent to participate: No ethical approval or consent to participate is required for this piece of work.
Consent for publication: All authors consent for to the publication of this piece of work.
Competing interests: MB was involved in the original development of the AI guidance approach used in the Kosmos platform (EchoNous), which was the AI intervention in one included study (Lau 2025). MB had no role in the design, conduct, or analysis of the Lau 2025 study, nor in the risk-of-bias assessment of that study within this review. All other authors declare no competing interests.
