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Authors
Yu, Chi-Chang
Hsieh, Ching-Chuan
Huang, Yi-Ting
Chu, Chia-Hui
Chen, Wen-Cheng
Chen, Miao-Fen
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Article History
Received: 26 August 2025
Accepted: 17 January 2026
First Online: 27 January 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board of Chang Gung Memorial hospital (IRB No. 202100807B0 and 202400956B0). Informed consent forms were signed by the enrolled patients prior to their participation in the prospective study (IRB No. 202100807B0). This retrospective study (IRB No. 202400956B0) was approved, and a waiver of informed consent was obtained.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
