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Authors
Zhou, Yiran
Guo, Changyuan
Wang, Yan
Xu, Hangcheng
Sa, Qiang
Che, Shunan
Chen, Shanshan
Lan, Bo
Luo, Yang
Wang, Jiani
Mo, Hongnan
Cai, Ruigang
Li, Qiao
Fan, Ying
Zhang, Pin
Ma, Fei
Xu, Binghe
Wang, Jiayu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding and Cooperation Fund of CHCAMS Beijing & Langfang & SZCH (No. CFA202502006)
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2023-I2M-C&T-B-091)
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Article History
Received: 27 October 2025
Accepted: 7 February 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Declarations
:
: All participants provided written consent for the publication.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of National Cancer Center/ Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Due to its retrospective design and the use of de-identified, existing data, the ethics committee waived the requirement for informed consent in compliance with applicable ethical guidelines.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
