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Article History

Received: 31 July 2025

Accepted: 17 February 2026

First Online: 25 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The study (NCT03283384) was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (October 2013) and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Leiden-The Hague-Delft hospitals in agreement with the Dutch law for medical research involving human subjects. All patients gave written informed consent.

: Not applicable.

: G.J. Liefers: Institutional research support from Hologic.S.C. Linn: patents for PCT/EP2022/073958 and US2024/0404625A1 pending; unrestricted educational fees to the institution (Endeavour Educational Program) from Daiichi Sankyo; and consultancy fees from Agendia and AstraZeneca paid to the institutionNon-financial interests: Scientific Advisory board member for CergentisInstitutional research support funding and/or non-financial institutional benefits as (coordinating) PI from: Agendia, Agilent, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Eurocept-pharmaceuticals, Genentech, GSK, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and Sanofi. Institutional research support funding and/or non-financial institutional benefits Immunomedics.J.R. Kroep: Consulting Fees (e.g., advisory boards) from Astra Zeneca, MSD, Novartis, Esai, GSK, all payed to the institution. Contracted research; Astra Zeneca, Novartis, Philips. Honorarium and Consulting Fees (e.g., advisory boards) from Daiichi Sankyo.Y. Wesseling-Rozendaal, D. Keizer, S. Vermeer and E. den Biezen are employees of InnoSIGN BV and own InnoSIGN shares and/or options at the time of this project and preparation of this manuscript. Other authors declare no potential conflicts of interest. All authors declare consent for publication.