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Article History

Received: 18 September 2020

Accepted: 25 February 2021

First Online: 6 April 2021

Declarations

:

: The HTLV-1 samples were obtained with informed consent and the full study protocol received approval from the institutional review board of the Necker Hospital, University of Paris, France (CPP Ile de France II, CNIL: number 1692254, registration number 000001072), in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. HIV-1 positive primary PBMCs were collected at the Ghent University Hospital from two HIV-1-positive individuals (patients 02006 and 06042). Patient PBMC samples were de-identified and the full study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Ghent University Hospital (Reference number: 2016/0457). HPV material was prepared from PAP smears obtained from HPV-infected patients at the CHU Liège University hospital. Patients provided written informed consent and the study was approved by the Comité d’Ethique Hospitalo-Facultaire Universitaire de Liège (Reference number: 2019/139).The BLV ovine samples described in this study were obtained following the experimental procedures approved by the University of Saskatchewan Animal Care Committee based on the Canadian Council on Animal Care Guidelines (Protocol #19940212). The BLV bovine samples were obtained from commercially kept adult dairy cows in Alberta, Canada. Sampling was approved by VSACC (Veterinary Sciences Animal care Committee) of the University of Calgary: protocol number: AC15–0159.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests