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Article History

Received: 11 September 2024

Accepted: 20 January 2026

First Online: 7 February 2026

Declarations

:

: Permissions for sampling and analysis of the biological excavation findings of the present study have been acquired by the Directorate of Conservation of Ancient and Modern Monuments, Ministry of Culture, Greece, (protocol numbers ΥΠΠΟΑ/ΓΔΑΠΚ/ΔΣΑΝΜ/ΤΕΕ/Φ77/281858/183008/2818/254, ΥΠΠΟΑ/ΓΔΑΠΚ/ΔΣΑΝΜ/ΤΕΕ/Φ77/250940/175997/2927/179, ΥΠΠΟΑ/Φ77/225862, ΥΠΠΟΑ/Φ77/342765, ΥΠΠΟΑ/Φ77/225402, ΥΠΠΟΑ/80102/22–3-2022). This study has been approved by the Research Ethics committee of the Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH; Institutional Review Board Information: IRB00014620) with protocol number 89/17–7-2020. All research was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research involved archaeological human skeletal remains and no living individuals/participants. Therefore, informed consent was not required, as the study did not recruit living human participants.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.