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Authors
Lin, Jiunn-Chang
Huang, Tun-Sung
Chen, Yan-Bin
Chen, Tung-Ying
Wu, Pao-Shu
Liu, Tsang-Pai
Yang, Pei-Ming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (114-2314-B-195-018-MY3)
National Science and Technology Council (113-2314-B-195-010, 114-2314-B-195-019)
National Science and Technology Council (114-2320-B-038-007, 114-2314-B-038-136)
Mackay Memorial Hospital (MMH114-07)
Mackay Memorial Hospital (MMH114-08)
Health and Welfare Surcharge of Tobacco Products (MOHW110-TDU-B-212-144020, MOHW111-TDU-B-221-014013, MOHW112-TDU-B-221-124013, and MOHW113-TDU-B-221-134013)
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Article History
Received: 3 December 2025
Accepted: 28 January 2026
First Online: 13 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
