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Authors
Tian, Kang
Ma, Guoyuan
Guo, Deyu
Jiang, Hui
Zhao, Xinjie
Wang, Guanghui
Du, Jiajun
Pang, Zhaofei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2025MS1453)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82303653)
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Article History
Received: 19 January 2026
Accepted: 1 April 2026
First Online: 7 April 2026
Declarations
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: The collection and use of human LUAD tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues were approved by the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee of Shandong Provincial Hospital (approval no. SWYX2025-842). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to thoracic surgery. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional guidelines. Publicly available de-identified datasets were used for secondary analyses; therefore, no additional ethics approval or informed consent was required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
