Sukjamnong, Suporn
Saeliw, Thanit
Panjabud, Pawinee
Thongkorn, Surangrat
Kanlayaprasit, Songphon
Lertpeerapan, Pattanachat
Hu, Valerie W.
Sarachana, Tewarit
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ratchadapisek Somphot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University
the Second Century Fund (C2F), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
The 100th Anniversary Chulalongkorn University Fund for Doctoral Scholarship
The Overseas Research Experience Scholarship for Graduate Students from the Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University
the National Research Council of Thailand
The 90th Anniversary Chulalongkorn University Fund (GCUGR1125651060D-60)
The 90th Anniversary Chulalongkorn University Fund (GCUGR1125632108D-108)
The 90th Anniversary Chulalongkorn University Fund (GCUGR1125651062D-062)
the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Programme Scholarship from the Thailand Research Fund and National Research Council of Thailand (grant no. PHD/0029/2561)
Ratchadapisek Somphot Fund for Supporting Research Unit and Center of Excellence, Chulalongkorn University (CE68_080_3700_001)
Animal husbandry and housing were financially supported by a Chulalongkorn University Laboratory Animal Center (CULAC) Grant (Animal Use Protocol No. 1673007, No. 1773011, and No. 2073011)
the Thailand Science Research and Innovation Fund, Chulalongkorn University
Article History
Received: 18 January 2026
Accepted: 13 April 2026
First Online: 17 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The animal study protocol has been reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Chulalongkorn University in accordance with university regulations and policies governing the care and use of laboratory animals (Animal Use Protocol No. 1673007 (date of approval: July 6, 2016), No. 1773011 (date of approval: July 26, 2020), and No. 2073011 (date of approval: October 5, 2020)). The animal study protocol has followed the guidelines documented in the Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Use of Animals for Scientific Purposes, edited by the National Research Council of Thailand. The study is reported in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines ( ).
: The authors declare no competing interests.