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Authors
Liu, Hanjie https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6495-4705
Qi, Cong
Lu, Ruixia
An, Chuan
Wang, Yangzhiyuan
Li, Shumiao
Zhu, Rui
Feng, Xingzhong
Gao, Huijuan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2606-848X
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Article History
Received: 17 May 2026
Accepted: 11 July 2026
First Online: 24 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: All animal procedures in this study were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Tsinghua University (Approval No. 25–GHJ2). The experiments were performed in strict accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines 2.0 and the National Standard of the People’s Republic of China (GB/T 35892-2018, Guideline for Ethical Review of Laboratory Animal Welfare). All efforts were made to minimize animal suffering and reduce the number of animals used, in compliance with the 3 R principles (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement).
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
