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Authors
Li, Zhuang
Zhao, Qiwei
Qi, Yu
Wang, Yu
Ding, Long
Long, Shuqin
Cao, Qiushi
Sun, Yaqin
Sun, Rui
Guo, Xiaohong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82174020)
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Article History
Received: 31 December 2025
Accepted: 6 August 2026
First Online: 11 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Human tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples were obtained from patients during surgical procedures, with informed consent obtained from all participants. Ethical approval for the collection and use of human samples was granted by the Ethics Committee of the Peking University Health Science Center (Ethics Approval Number: IRB00001052-09087), in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All animal experiments were conducted in compliance with institutional, national, and international guidelines, the animal experimentation protocol received approval from the Institutional Review Board of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine (Ethics Approval Number: HUCMS24406389).
Consent for publication: All authors agreed to the final version of the manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
