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Article History

Received: 8 September 2020

Accepted: 4 June 2021

First Online: 29 June 2021

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: KR and TK are employees of F. Hoffmann-La Roche (Basel, Switzerland). VJ and AB are employees of Novartis Pharma AG (Basel, Switzerland). LE, KK, FLa, FLe, AL, CN, and VF are employees of Janssen-Cilag GmbH (Neuss, Germany), Bristol-Myers-Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaA (München, Germany), Lilly Deutschland GmbH (Bad Homburg, Germany), Pfizer Deutschland (Berlin, Germany), Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany), Bayer AG (Wuppertal, Germany) and Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG (Ingelheim, Germany), respectively. TF has received personal fees for consultancies (including data monitoring committees) from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, Novartis, and Roche, all outside the submitted work. JB has received personal fees for consultancy from Pfizer, all outside the submitted work. CS has received personal fees for consultancies (including data monitoring committees) from Novartis and Roche, all outside the submitted work. The companies mentioned contributed data to the empirical study. RS has declared no conflict of interest.