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Authors
Lee, Soo Young
Kim, Chang Hyun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1954-189X
Ha, Gi Won
Park, Soo Yeun
Yang, In Jun
Kim, Jin Soo
Son, Gyung Mo
Kang, Sung Il
Bae, Sung Uk
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Institute for Biomedical Science (HCRI2302)
Korean Society of Coloproctology (KSCP-CA202402)
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Article History
Received: 25 March 2025
Accepted: 19 August 2025
First Online: 29 September 2025
Declarations
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: The protocol of this study has been approved by the IRB of each participating institution:• Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital (CNUHH-2023–062)• Jeonbuk National University Hospital (2023-11-011)• Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital (KNUCH 2023-07-019)• Chungnam National University Hospital (CNUH 2023-10-064)• Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital (2023-01-023)• Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital (PNUYH 11-2023-016)• Yeungnam University Medical Center (YUMC 2023-06-033)• Keimyung University Dongsan Medical CenterThe current protocol version is 1.6. Before enrollment, all participants will receive a detailed explanation of the study objectives, procedures, potential outcomes, and associated risks, as outlined in the informed consent form. Participants will be required to sign the informed consent form, and each will receive a copy for their records. The signed consent forms, along with paper-based report forms, will be securely stored in a restricted-access location. This study is registered on the Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS) under registration number KCT0008382 ().
: All participants are required to provide written informed consent for their participation and for the publication of their data in an aggregated and anonymized form. The consent form is included as Supplementary material.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
