Yonis, Abdullah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8825-1888
Dean, Sarah Gerard https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3682-5149
Warren, Fiona C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-0182
Taylor, Rod S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3043-6011
Levack, William https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6631-908X
Hay-Smith, Jean https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9009-2812
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Exeter (AY received support through a fully funded scholarship from the University of Exeter and the MRC Doctoral Training Programme in Trials Methodology. SGD’s position at the University of Exeter Medical School is partly supported by the National Institute for Health)
University of Exeter (Care Research (NIHR) Applied Research Collaboration South-West Peninsula (PenARC). )
Article History
Received: 11 October 2024
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 12 November 2025
Declarations
:
: This study received ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee (REC) at the University of Exeter, with the reference number Aug21/D/249Δ1.
: The authors declare that there are no financial or personal conflicts of interest that could have influenced the design, conduct or reporting of this survey and its subsequent publication. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care.